Inclusion Criteria

• Males or females ≥40 and ≤64 years of age
• Best-corrected distance VA (BCDVA) of 20/25 or better in each eye in photopic conditions
• Distance-corrected near VA (DCNVA) between 20/50 and 20/100 in photopic conditions in each eye and binocularly
• Binocular best-corrected near VA 20/25 or better
• Photopic PD of ≥3 mm in either eye

Exclusion Criteria

Ophthalmic:

• Use of any topical prescription or OTC ophthalmic medications of any kind within 7 days of Screening until study completion, with the exception of lid scrubs with OTC products
• Use of any OTC artificial tears (preserved or unpreserved) during visit days or 15 min before or after instillation of study medication
• TBUT of <5 sec or corneal fluorescein staining Grade ≥2 in the inferior zone or Grade ≥1 in the central zone using the NEI scale
• Clinically significant ocular disease (e.g., cataract, glaucoma, corneal edema, uveitis, retinal degeneration, loss of visual field, any macular pathology) that might have interfered with the study as deemed by the Investigator
• Recent or current evidence of ocular infection or inflammation in either eye
• Any history of herpes simplex or herpes zoster keratitis
• Ocular trauma within 6 months prior to Screening
• Ocular surgery or any ocular laser treatment within 6 months prior to Screening
• History of cauterization of the punctum or punctal plug (silicone or collagen) insertion or removal
• Subjects with surgical monovision, multifocal, or extended depth-of-focus IOLs were excluded (monofocal IOLs were accepted if in place > 6 months prior to Screening)
• Unwilling or unable to discontinue use of contact lenses at least 1 hour prior to Screening for soft contact lenses or at least 8 hours prior to Screening for hard gas-permeable contact lenses prior to all other office visits.

Exclusion Criteria

Systemic:

• Known hypersensitivity or contraindication to alpha- and/or beta-adrenoceptor antagonists or any systemic cholinergic parasympathomimetic agent
• Clinically significant systemic disease that might interfere with the study as deemed by the judgment of the Investigator
• Initiation of treatment with, or any changes to, the current dosage, drug, or regimen of any systemic adrenergic or cholinergic drugs within 7 days prior to screening or during the study
• Participation in any investigational study within 30 days prior to screening
• Females of childbearing potential who are pregnant, nursing, planning a pregnancy, or not using a medically acceptable form of birth control
• Resting HR outside the range of ≤50 to ≥110 bpm
• Hypertension with resting DBP >105 mmHg or SBP >160 mmHg

Primary Endpoint

• Percentage of subjects with ≥15 letters of improvement in photopic binocular DCNVA and with <5 letters of loss in photopic binocular BCDVA in phentolamine ophthalmic solution 0.75%-treated subjects

Secondary Endpoints

• Percentage of subjects with ≥15 letters of improvement in photopic binocular DCNVA and with <5 letters of loss in photopic binocular BCDVA in LDP+phentolamine ophthalmic solution 0.75%-treated subjects
• Percentage of subjects with ≥15 letters of improvement in photopic binocular DCNVA and with <5 letters of loss in binocular photopic BCDVA from baseline (excluding primary and key secondary outcome timepoints)
• Percentage of subjects with ≥5, ≥10, and ≥15 letters of improvement in photopic DCNVA from baseline (monocular and binocular)
• Change in photopic DCNVA from baseline (monocular and binocular)
• Percentage of subjects with loss or improvement in photopic and mesopic BCDVA from baseline (monocular and binocular)
• Change in photopic and mesopic BCDVA from baseline (monocular and binocular)
• Percentage of subjects with ≥5, ≥10, and ≥15 letters of improvement in mesopic binocular DCNVA from baseline
• Change in mesopic binocular DCNVA from baseline
• Change and Percentage change in photopic PD from baseline
• Percentage of subjects with photopic PD of <3.5, <3.0, <2.5, <2.0, and <1.5 mm
• Percentage of subjects with photopic PD of 1.5 to <2.0 mm, 2.0 to <2.5 mm, 2.5 to <3.0 mm,
  and 3.0 to <3.5 mm
• Change and percentage change in mesopic PD from baseline
• Percentage of subjects with mesopic PD of <3.5, <3.0, <2.5, <2.0, and <1.5 mm
• Percentage of subjects with mesopic PD of 1.5 to <2.0 mm, 2.0 to <2.5 mm, 2.5 to <3.0 mm,
  and 3.0 to <3.5 mm
• Percentage of subjects with baseline photopic DCNVA ≤20/63, ≤20/80, ≤20/100, ≤20/125, and ≤20/160, with a ≥10-letter and ≥15-letter improvement in photopic DCNVA
• Percentage of subjects with baseline photopic DCNVA from 20/50 to 20/63, 20/50 to 20/80, 20/50 to 20/100, 20/50 to 20/125, and 20/50 to 20/160, with a ≥10-letter and ≥15-letter improvement in photopic DCNVA
• Subject questionnaire responses related to change in near vision and satisfaction with near vision